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IATA Releases Industry Net Zero Tracking Methodology to Guide Industry Emission Reporting

Geneva – The International Air Transport Association (IATA) will publish an annual Track Zero report using IATA’s Net Zero Tracking Methodology to report industry-level progress towards aviation’s commitment to Net Zero carbon emissions by 2050.

The Net Zero Tracking Methodology and related reporting process were developed with industry experts. IATA will aggregate and report annually inputs from IATA member airlines on an industry basis. After thorough validation, aggregate industry data from the previous calendar year will be reported annually in the fourth quarter of each year. The first report with airline-contributed data is planned for publication in Q4 2024. Non-IATA member airlines are also encouraged to contribute data and participate in the reporting.

“Transparency is a critical element of aviation’s decarbonization. We will report our progress annually to ensure standardized, accurate and comprehensive reporting of aviation’s journey to net zero. Industry-level data in the Track Zero report will help airlines, governments, and investors with tools to improve decision-making to accelerate progress,” said Marie Owens Thomsen, IATA’s Senior Vice President Sustainability and Chief Economist.

Individual airlines may use the aggregate data of the Track Zero report to benchmark their own progress towards decarbonization. They may also choose to report their progress on decarbonization to key stakeholders including governments, investors and customers, using IATA’s Net Zero Tracking Methodology.

“Decarbonization is an industry challenge, not a competitive issue. Nonetheless, the report and the methodology behind it can enable benchmarking that could intensify decarbonization efforts by spreading the success of best practices and sparking innovation,” said Owens Thomsen.

Key features of the Net Zero Tracking Methodology include:

Standardization: The methodology establishes a transparent framework for accurate reporting that can be used industry-wide by identifying the relevant emissions scope, sources, and processes for emissions tracking and measurement.

Accuracy: The methodology includes best practices for data collection and validation with minimal administrative burden.

Comprehensiveness: The methodology accommodates reporting of all manner of decarbonization activities on a lifecycle basis, including usage of conventional and sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), carbon offsets/carbon capture, and future power sources (hybrid-electric, electric, and hydrogen-powered aircraft).

The decision to publish a Track Zero report follows the release by IATA of five roadmaps detailing critical actions for aviation to achieve net zero CO2 by 2050. They address aircraft technology, energy infrastructure, operations, finance, and policy. Together, they show a clear direction and will evolve with the insights of the Track Zero report, practical experience and emerging technologies to help aviation set interim milestones on the way to net zero.

Strong Air Travel Growth Continues in May as Load Factor Rises to 2019 Levels

Geneva – The International Air Transport Association (IATA) released May 2023 traffic data showing continued strong growth in air travel demand.

•             Total traffic in May 2023 (measured in revenue passenger kilometers or RPKs) rose 39.1% compared to May 2022. Globally, traffic is now at 96.1% of May 2019 (pre-pandemic) levels.

•             Domestic traffic for May rose 36.4% compared to the year-ago period. Total May 2023 domestic traffic was 5.3% above the May 2019 level. This is the second month in a row domestic traffic has exceeded pre-pandemic levels.

 •            International traffic climbed 40.9% versus May 2022 with all markets recording strong growth, led once again by carriers in the Asia-Pacific region. International RPKs reached 90.8% of May 2019 levels, with Middle East and North American airlines exceeding pre-pandemic levels.

 •            The total industry load factor rose to 81.8%, led by North American carriers at 86.3%.

“We saw more good news in May. Planes were full, with the average load factors reaching 81.8%. Domestic markets reported growth on pre-pandemic levels. And, heading into the busy Northern summer travel season, international demand reached 90.8% of pre-pandemic levels,” said Willie Walsh, IATA’s Director General.

May 2023 (% year-on-year)         World share1     RPK        ASK        PLF (%-pt)2         PLF (level)3

Total Market      100.0%  39.1%    35.0%    2.4%      81.8%

Africa    2.1%      38.6%    36.7%    0.9%      69.9%

Asia Pacific          22.1%    130.4%  109.5%  7.0%      77.3%

Europe 30.8%    19.1%    13.5%    4.0%      84.8%

Latin America     6.4%      16.2%    16.5%    -0.2%     81.1%

Middle East        9.8%      30.1%    23.8%    3.9%      79.9%

North America  28.8%    14.0%    13.6%    0.3%      86.3%

1% of industry RPKs in 2022   2year-on-year change in load factor   3Load Factor Level

 International Passenger Markets

•             Asia-Pacific airlines had a 156.7% increase in May 2023 traffic compared to May 2022, maintaining the very positive momentum since the lifting of the remaining travel restrictions in the region earlier this year. Capacity rose 136.1% and the load factor increased 6.4 percentage points to 80.0%.

•             European carriers posted a 19.8% traffic rise versus May 2022. Capacity climbed 14.2%, and the load factor rose 3.9 percentage points to 84.4%.

 •            Middle Eastern airlines saw a 30.8% traffic increase compared to May a year ago. Capacity climbed 25.0% and the load factor pushed up 3.6 percentage points to 80.2%. The region is leading the recovery with May traffic at 17.2% above 2019 levels.

 •            North American carriers’ traffic climbed 31.0% in May 2023 versus the 2022 period. Capacity increased 23.2%, and the load factor rose 5.1 percentage points to 85.1%, highest among the regions.

•             Latin American airlines had a 26.3% traffic increase compared to the same month in 2022. May capacity climbed faster– up 27.3% — and the load factor slipped 0.7 percentage points to 83.8%. The region was the only one to see capacity growth exceed traffic growth for the month.

 •            African airlines’ traffic rose 45.2% in May 2023 versus a year ago. May capacity was up 44.2% and the load factor edged up 0.5 percentage points to 68.8%, the lowest among the regions.

Domestic Passenger Markets

May 2023 (% year-on-year)         World share1  

RPK        ASK        PLF (%-pt)2         PLF (Level)3

Domestic             42.0%    36.4%    35.3%    0.6%      81.0%

Australia              1.0%      2.1%      3.4%      -0.9%     73.6%

Brazil     1.5%      8.6%      6.2%      1.7%      76.5%

China P.R.            6.4%      312.0%  233.1%  13.9%    72.8%

India      2.0%      13.6%    2.7%      8.7%      91.6%

Japan    1.2%      39.0%    7.1%      16.9%    73.8%

US          19.2%    7.1%      9.6%      -2.0%     86.9%

1% of industry RPKs in 2022   2year-on-year change in load factor 3Load Factor Level

•             Brazil’s domestic traffic grew 8.6% in May compared to a year ago, and is the latest domestic market to recover fully with traffic at 6.5% above pre-pandemic (May 2019) levels.

•             Japan’s domestic traffic surged 39.0% in May compared to a year ago, the strongest result after China and at 99.8% of pre-pandemic levels.

May 2023 (% ch vs the same month in 2019)        World share1     RPK        ASK        PLF (%-pt)2         PLF (level)3

Total Market      100.0%  -3.9%     -3.9%     0.0%      81.8%

International      58.0%    -9.2%     -11.2%  1.8%      82.3%

Domestic             42.0%    5.3%      9.4%      -3.1%     81.0%

The Bottom Line

“People need and love to fly. The strong demand for travel is one element supporting a return to profitability by airlines.  In 2023 we expect airlines globally to post a $9.8 billion net profit. It’s an impressive number, particularly after huge pandemic losses. But a 1.2% average net profit margin is just $2.25 per departing passenger. As a return, that is not sustainable in the long-term.

Moreover, it appears that, while the pandemic has changed many things in aviation, it has not righted aviation’s famously unbalanced value chain. The latest indication came last week as European airports announced a EUR 6.4 billion ($7 billion) collective profit in 2022. In comparison, IATA estimates that European airlines made a $4.1 billion profit for the same year. We don’t begrudge any business hard-earned profits. But this does raise an interesting question. Is airport economic regulation effectively defending the public interest when a monopoly supplier (airports) can generate seemingly much healthier returns than the competitive businesses (airlines) they supply? Governments should at least take a look,” said Walsh.